It is vital to the longevity and stability of any structure that it has a strong foundation. For buildings constructed with masonry foundations typically made of brick, stone, or concrete blocks, ongoing maintenance is critical. Over time, various environmental and structural stressors will cause damage. Unaddressed damage may compromise the integrity of your commercial property or home.
This guide will outline the most common issues with masonry and provide information on available repair options.
Common Masonry Foundations Problems
You can avoid costly foundation repair costs by understanding the early warning signals of damage. Here are a few common problems that homeowners have to deal with:
1. Cracks in the foundation
The first signs of trouble are cracks in brick and block walls. These can be vertical, horizontal, or even stair-step-shaped. Even though some cracks, such as hairline ones, can be superficial. However, larger or wider cracks may indicate a shift of the foundation caused by soil movement or damage from water.
2. Walls That Bow or Bulge
When a brick wall begins to bend outward or inward, this is a sign that water or soil is exerting hydrostatic forces on the foundation. It is a serious matter that can worsen over the years if left unattended.
3. Water Intrusion
Water seeping in through foundation walls could lead to structural deterioration, mold growth, and musty odors. Water can seep into masonry foundations due to poor drainage, excessive rain, or damaged gutters.
4. Floors that Settle or Are Uneven
The foundation settling causes this. This occurs when the soil below the foundation shifts. Sections of the home will sink or rise at different speeds.
5. Efflorescence
This white, powdery masonry residue is caused when water-soluble sodium salts remain on the wall surface after moisture has evaporated. While it is not inherently harmful, it can often indicate the presence of water-related issues.
Masonry Foundation Repair Options
Once foundation issues have been identified, selecting the appropriate repair method is the next step. The extent and type of damage determine the solution.
1. Crack Stitching
This technique involves embedding stainless-steel bars into the bed joints of brickwork (horizontal line). The bars will be bonded with epoxy to restore structural integrity. Crack stitching provides a solution for non-structural and minor structural cracks.
2. Anchors for Walls
Wall anchors will help to stabilize and realign foundations with bulging or curving walls. This method uses steel bars and plates that are driven into the soil outside the home over time to pull the walls back into position.
3. Polyurethane / Epoxy Injection
The injection of epoxy or polyurethane can seal small and moderate cracks. Epoxy can be used in structural repairs, whereas polyurethane is better suited for waterproofing.
4. Piering
When your foundation settles or sinks, the best fix is to underpin it with steel or helical piles. These supports will be driven into stable soils to lift the foundation.
5. Tuckpointing
Tuckpointing allows for the restoration of deteriorated mortar joints in masonry structures. The old mortar is removed, and the new mortar is applied to restore structural stability.
6. Drainage and Waterproofing Solutions
The use of preventative solutions, such as sump pumps, exterior French drainage, or waterproofing coatings, can help reduce moisture issues and protect your foundation.
When To Call A Professional
Minor issues, like hairline flaws or efflorescence, can sometimes be resolved by homeowners. However, structural issues and water damage require a professional assessment. A licensed contractor will not only be able to determine the full extent of the damage but can also provide the most effective solution.
Find masonry foundation repair experts near you who understand the local soil, building codes, climate, and other local stressors. Hiring specialists will ensure the job is completed in a safe, effective, and cost-effective manner.
How To Prevent Future Damage
Even though some foundation issues cannot be avoided due to natural settling and weather, there are measures you can take to minimize the risk:
- Maintain proper Drainage: Keep the gutters clean. Direct downspouts from your house.
- Landscaping wisely: Avoid placing large trees near your foundation to prevent root damage.
- Check for changes: Note any cracks that appear, as well as water stains and shifting flooring.
- Seal all openings: Be sure to seal any cracks or joints in your foundation.
- Regular inspections are crucial: A foundation specialist’s periodic checks can identify issues early.
Conclusion
Masonry foundation problems impact more than your home’s structural integrity. They affect safety, comfort, as well as the resale and sale value. Understanding damage signs and the correct repair solutions will help you protect your investments and provide long-term peace of mind.
Do not delay if you suspect that your foundation may need attention. Consult professionals who can evaluate your situation to provide you with an individualized repair plan. It is better to take action promptly than to delay. This will save you both time and money.
